What Is My Skin Type?
5 TYPES EXPLAINED
What is a
SKIN TYPE?
Skin types are generally categorised into several main groups: oily, dry, combination, and sensitive, and each has its own individual skincare requirements. However, it's often the case that your skin can meet the criteria of several categories. For example, you can have skin that is both dry and sensitive, or skin that is drier at certain times of the year and oilier at others.
5 Common
SKIN TYPES
- Dry SkinDry skin lacks moisture and often feels tight or rough. It may appear dull and flaky, especially in colder months or in dry climates. Dry skin can be sensitive to harsh skincare products and may be more susceptible to signs of premature ageing like fine lines and wrinkles, which usually appear because dry skin lacks the delicate balance of oils and moisture, slowing down cell turnover and making it more vulnerable to damage from pollutants and UV rays.
- Combination SkinCombination skin is characterised by having areas that are both oily (usually the T-zone) and dry or normal (cheeks).
- Sensitive SkinSensitive skin is easily irritated by external factors such as weather, skincare products, or environmental pollutants. Among other causes, sensitivity can be the result of an underlying skin condition, a weakened skin barrier, or environmental factors such as weather or pollutants. It may react with redness, itching, or burning sensations.
- Normal SkinNormal skin is well-balanced with neither excessive oiliness nor dryness. It typically has a smooth texture, small pores, and a healthy-looking complexion. Normal skin is less prone to sensitivity or breakouts, making it the least problematic of all skin types.
4 Ways to Identify
YOUR SKIN TYPE
Visual inspection means closely examining your skin's appearance and texture in different areas of your face in natural light.
- Oily Skin:
Look for a shiny appearance, especially in the T-zone (forehead, nose, and chin). Enlarged pores may also be noticeable.
- Dry Skin:
Check for flakiness, tightness, or rough patches, particularly after cleansing. Your skin may appear dull and lacklustre.
- Combination Skin:
Note oily areas in the T-zone with visible pores, contrasted with drier patches on the cheeks, which may feel tight.
- Sensitive Skin:
Look for signs of redness, itching, or inflammation, especially in reaction to certain products or environmental factors.
- Normal skin:
Look for a consistent texture and colouration without excess shine, dryness, or visible signs of sensitivity.
Using blotting paper on your face can help you determine oiliness. For this test, press blotting paper against different areas of your face in the morning before cleansing.
- Oily Skin:
Blotting paper will quickly absorb excess oil, revealing a greasy residue.
- Dry Skin:
Blotting paper may not pick up much oil, indicating a low sebum level.
- Combination Skin:
Blotting paper will absorb oil from the T-zone but less from the cheeks.
- Normal Skin:
Notice if the blotting paper picks up minimal oil, indicating balanced sebum production without excess or deficiencies.
The touch test involves feeling different areas of your face to assess texture and moisture levels. After washing your hands thoroughly, use your fingertips to feel how your skin feels to the touch.
- Oily Skin:
Your skin feels slick and greasy to the touch, particularly in the T-zone.
- Dry Skin:
Your skin feels tight, rough, or flaky, which indicates a lack of moisture.
- Combination Skin:
Your T-zone feels oily while your cheeks may feel normal or dry to the touch.
- Sensitive Skin:
Notice if your skin reacts negatively to touch, showing signs of redness or irritation. Keep in mind that not all sensitive skin will necessarily react to this test, depending on its degree of sensitivity.
- Normal skin:
When you touch normal skin, it feels neither excessively oily nor dry. It has a consistent texture and feels smooth to the touch. Normal skin typically does not show signs of redness, irritation, or noticeable bumps.
If you're still unsure and would like a more conclusive analysis, you can visit a skincare professional for a more accurate assessment. They can conduct tests and analyse your skin under controlled conditions to determine your skin type.
Can your Skin Type
CHANGE OVER TIME?
Additionally, factors like pregnancy, menopause, stress, diet and exposure to elements such as sun, wind, and pollution can also influence and alter your skin type over time. Regularly reassessing your skin's needs and adjusting your skincare routine accordingly is essential to maintain healthy-looking skin.
SKIN TYPE
Common Skin Types:
Oily, dry, combination, sensitive, and normal skin.
Identifying Skin Types:
Methods include visual inspection, blotting paper tests, and professional analysis.
Causes of Different Skin Types:
Genetics, environmental factors, hormonal changes, diet, and skincare products influence your skin type.
Managing Each Type:
Follow a routine specifically for your skin type, using ingredients that are beneficial for your skin's needs.
Tips for Managing
EACH SKIN TYPE
Proper skincare is essential for maintaining healthy-looking and vibrant skin, regardless of your skin type. Here's how you can manage different skin types effectively:
Cleanse twice daily to remove excess oil and help prevent clogged pores.
Exfoliate regularly to eliminate dead skin cells and impurities.
Use non-comedogenic, oil-free moisturisers and sunscreens.
Keep shine in check with mattifying products or blotting papers throughout the day.
Hydrate frequently.
Use creamy, hydrating cleansers that don't strip natural oils.
Drink plenty of water to maintain skin hydration.
Use different products for different areas.
Opt for a gentle, balancing cleanser.
Exfoliate once or twice a week but avoid over-exfoliating the drier areas.
Always patch-test new products before you use them to help prevent irritation.
Choose fragrance-free, hypoallergenic products designed specifically for sensitive skin.
Simplify your skincare routine.
Use soothing ingredients.
Cleanse your face twice daily with a gentle, balanced cleanser.
Exfoliate once a week to remove dead skin cells.
Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen daily to protect against UV damage.
Avoid harsh skincare products that can disrupt the skin's natural balance.
Skincare Routine
FOR EACH SKIN TYPE
Cleanse your face to remove oil, dirt, and impurities.
- Oily Skin:Â
Opt for a foaming or gel-based cleanser with ingredients like Salicylic Acid to help remove dead skin cells that can clog pores.
- Dry Skin:Â
Use a milk cleanser that replenishes moisture and soothes dryness.
- Combination Skin:Â
Consider a gentle cleanser that balances oil production without drying out your skin.
- Sensitive Skin:
Choose a fragrance-free cleanser that's suitable for sensitive skin, with gentle or soothing ingredients like Dexpanthenol.
- Normal Skin:
A gentle foaming or cream cleanser works well to cleanse without drying or causing excess oil production.
Use a toner to rebalance your skin's pH levels and prepare it for the next skincare products.
- Oily Skin:
Use a toner containing Witch Hazel or Salicylic Acid to mattify and tighten pores.Â
- Dry Skin:
Opt for a hydrating toner with ingredients like Hyaluronic Acid or Glycerin to replenish moisture and soothe dryness.
- Combination Skin:
Choose a balancing toner that helps to control oil in the T-zone and hydrates your cheeks, such as a rosewater-based toner.
- Sensitive Skin:
Use a calming, alcohol-free toner with ingredients like chamomile or aloe vera to soothe and hydrate without irritation.
- Normal Skin:
A mild toner helps maintain pH balance and prepares your skin for the next skincare products.
Apply treatment products to help address specific skin concerns such as signs of ageing, uneven texture, hyperpigmentation or blemishes, by delivering ingredients that target the specific needs of your skin type.
- Oily Skin:
Apply a lightweight skincare product with Niacinamide to help control oil production and minimise pores.
- Dry Skin:
Use a nourishing serum or facial oil rich in antioxidants like Vitamin E to help protect the skin barrier, or a skincare product containing hyaluronic acid to hydrate.
- Combination Skin:Â
Target specific concerns with different serums as needed for oily or dry areas, such as a Vitamin C serum for brightening the complexion.
- Sensitive Skin:
Choose a gentle serum with soothing ingredients like green tea extract to calm your skin.
- Normal Skin:
Use a versatile serum containing antioxidants or peptides to help maintain healthy-looking skin and address minor concerns like uneven tone or texture.
Apply a moisturiser suited to your skin type to hydrate and lock in moisture.
- Oily Skin:Â
Select a non-greasy mattifying moisturiser or gel-based moisturiser to hydrate without leaving a greasy sensation on your skin.
- Dry Skin:
Use a rich, creamy moisturiser with ingredients like Shea Butter to deeply nourish and soothe dryness.
- Combination Skin:
Apply a lightweight moisturiser to the T-zone and a richer moisturiser to your cheeks, or use a moisturiser designed for combination skin, adjusting as needed based on seasonal changes.
- Sensitive Skin:
Choose a hypoallergenic, fragrance-free moisturiser with calming ingredients.
- Normal Skin:
Use a balanced moisturiser suitable for all skin types to maintain hydration and support the general condition of your skin.
Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher as the last step of your skincare routine, depending on the weather or season. Sunscreen helps protect your skin from UV damage, premature ageing and other skin damage.
Choose a sunscreen that is suitable for your skin type, whether it's a lightweight, matte finish for oily skin or an extra hydrating formula for dry skin. Reapply sunscreen every two hours when you're exposed to direct sunlight.
